Application of gene transfer technology in aquaculture

Document Type : article

Authors

1 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Gilan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.

2 South Iran Aquaculture Research center, Iran Fisheries Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran

Abstract

Aquatic transgenic organism is an organism with a foreign gene or non-coding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragment is artificially introduced and stably integrated in their genomes. Since the first report in 1985, a wide range of transgenic fish and marine bivalve mollusks and crustaceans have been produced by microinjecting or electroporating homologous or heterologous transgenes into newly fertilized or unfertilized eggs and sperm. For producing transgenic organism many factors has been included. The first and the most important factor is aquatic species for gene transfer. In species selecting for gene transfer the target of research and species preservation with a high safety conditions and facilities should be concerned. The second factor is construct of target gene should be programmed for make it and need for these studies. For example gene construct in gene transfer method should have open reading frame of gene target. Also gene construct should have regulatory factors for regulating stable or transient gene expression or affect growth and development in organism. In the third step, recombinant construct should be transfer into sperm or embryo for stable gene expression. In the end stage, individuals received target gene should be traced. in addition, application of transgenic technology for producing  transgenic fish and other aquatic organisms with beneficial traits such as somatic  body growth, resistance to diseases and producing useful product for human, domesticated animal, poultry and aquatic organisms  have been increased by biotechnology.

Keywords

Advanced Aquaculture Sciences Journal
Volume 2, spring
June 2018
Pages 39-54

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